5
虽然比特币挖矿的成本可能非常高，但对于拥有巨大挖矿能力的大型企业来说，投资回报率 (ROI) 甚至更高。
因此，个人加密货币投资者在进入这个世界之前必须了解挖矿的运作方式。本指南将探讨挖矿行业最流行的术语之一，比特币 (BTC) 挖矿难度。它是什么，它有什么好处？
BTC 挖矿难度是衡量 BTC 挖矿复杂度的指标。它表明普通矿工验证区块链交易并赚取新 BTC 的难度。
如上文所述，BTC挖矿是一个长期过程，需要求解高度复杂的密码方程，当挖矿难度很大时，矿工需要使用非常高的算力才能求解密码方程，成功完成交易验证；反之亦然。
许多专家认为，挖矿难度应该合理高才能保证网络安全。像 BTC 一样具有超高挖矿难度的加密区块链是高度安全的。
随着网络哈希值的变化，BTC 使用挖矿难度来稳定区块之间的平均时间。
需要注意的一点是，挖矿难度仅在工作量证明区块链中是一个保护性参数。这是因为只有在 PoW 区块链中，矿工才能执行听觉功能以防止欺诈并验证可用的交易。PoW 中的挖矿难度本质上控制了完成新区块所需的时间。
Fiat currencies rely on printing. Central Banks like the Federal Reserve or the European Central Bank can always churn out more paper.
For cryptocurrencies, there is an inherent problem. Remember the part where no central entity was supposed to control issuance? Yeah, the option of having a central institution issue crypto is not possible. Therefore, Satoshi Nakamoto created a self-sustaining system of issuing new coins.
Powerful computers help secure the network by confirming transactions, and they get new coins issued for successful blocks added to the blockchain. That process is called mining, and it is an indispensable aspect of decentralization.
那么，为什么加密货币的挖矿难度很重要？BTC 挖矿难度主要有两个好处，包括：
One of the main pros associated with the mining difficulty is network stability. The BTC blockchain completes a new block every 10 minutes. Without the concept of mining difficulty, it would be hard to maintain stability in block release durations. Hence, mining difficulty ensures the 10-minute block creation cycle is stable.
But, why would the network autonomously increase or decrease a mining difficulty? The number of miners within the network at a particular time drives the changes in mining difficulty.
Take, for instance, a situation where many miners are concurrently fighting to mine BTC. In that case, the BTC network will increase the mining difficulty. The idea is to make it hard to mine the coins, so they maintain the stability of the 10-minute duration for releasing blocks.
When the number of miners is low, the network autonomously reduces the difficulty. This reduction will help the few miners complete blocks within ten minutes. BTC mining difficulty ensures no unpredictable overflow of new BTC in circulation.
BTC mining difficulty also helps in ensuring that the value of BTC is deflationary in the long term. As mentioned above, the difficulty removes the unpredictability of the low of new BTC in circulation. The BTC release is expected, hence does not affect the prices of the coin in exchanges.
网络安全是 BTC 挖矿难度和相关调整的另一个好处。区块链网络容易受到不良行为者（包括矿工）的攻击。51% 攻击等问题主要是网络矿工利用系统造成的。
BTC 挖矿难度本质上增加了挖矿所需的资源。增加资源意味着增加挖矿成本。通过增加资源，网络使矿工难以攻击系统，因为一旦发生故障，他们可能会遭受巨大损失。
如上所述，调整挖矿难度是确保网络保持稳定的必要条件。那么，网络如何调整挖矿难度呢？
When mining, miners have a target hash which they all try to beat. A target hash in BTC is a specific fixed length code with several zeros before the code itself. To be considered the winning miner;
Hence, to ensure the blocks are not discovered superfast, BTC has algorithms that add or reduce the number of zeros preceding the target hash. Adding the zeros hardens the block discovery process while doing the opposite simplifies the block mining process. By making the mining process hard, the BTC network helps maintain the coin’s steadily growing value.
BTC 挖矿难度的计算也是另一个需要考虑的重要因素。矿工如何知道他们的挖矿难度？目前使用了许多不同的公式，但最流行的是；
难度等级 = 难度目标/当前目标。
在哪里;
Whenever you divide the difficulty target by the current target, you get a whole number: the difficulty level. If you get your answer as 25 trillion, that is the mining difficulty, meaning you must generate over 25 trillion hashes to get the winning hash. In some cases, miners could get the correct hash with fewer guesses.
As mentioned earlier, the average time for releasing a single BTC block is 10 minutes. The difficulty adjustments compare the average time required to find 2016 blocks on the network versus the time it took to get the immediate 2016 blocks. The 2016-block interval is an epoch. After every epoch, the BTC network calculates and re-adjusts the mining difficulty.
The standard time needed in mining the 2016 blocks is 20160 minutes (2016 X 10 minutes). 20160 minutes is the equivalent of a fortnight of block production. Now, the calculation for adjusting mining difficulty is as follows;
20160 分钟/过去 2016 年（纪元）实际使用时间 X 最新难度等级= 挖矿难度上升或下降的百分比变化
如果百分比变化超过正值 300%（4 倍），网络将仅调整至 300%。此 +300% 变化是在 2010 年 7 月 16 日进行的，当时哈希率在前一个时期从 300 增长至 1300 MH/s。
每个时期的变化幅度只能低至 -75% (¼)。最小调整幅度为 2021 年 7 月 3 日四川停工后的 -27.9%。挖矿难度百分比向上或向下变化的限制确保不会出现大规模的突然变化。
虽然该时代由 2016 个区块组成，但只有 2015 个区块与难度级别计算相关。
那么，一旦 BTC 挖矿过程结束，BTC 挖矿难度会发生什么变化？基本上，在挖完所有 2100 万枚比特币后，挖 BTC 的想法可能会失去意义。
然而，交易验证和网络安全在生态系统中仍将高度相关。因此，矿工仍必须参与以确保 BTC 网络继续运行。在这种情况下，奖励不是新币，而是交易费。
本指南深入探讨了 BTC 挖矿难度的概念以及如何计算难度并相应地调整预测。正如反复强调的那样，BTC 挖矿的难度在于将新 BTC 投入流通的复杂性。区块链中的这一过程有助于维护 BTC 网络的安全性和稳定性，同时确保 BTC 的长期通货紧缩价值。
Bitcoin mining is a process in which computers do complex mathematical calculations to solve cryptographic puzzles and create new BTC. This process can be used to confirm transactions between two parties, verify BTC payments or create secure records.
挖掘 BTC 与挖掘莱特币或狗狗币等其他加密货币不同。每台计算机都有一定数量的处理能力，它们用来解决数学方程式，以便将新的货币块添加到区块链中。第一个解决方程式的人会获得新币奖励，而所有参与者都会获得一些。
每生成 2016 个区块，挖矿难度就会增加，因此挖矿难度也会随之增加。因此，矿工必须定期升级硬件。如果操作正确，该过程应提供与解决问题所付出的努力成正比的奖励。一个 BTC 等于 10^9 字节的信息，确认一个区块大约需要 1 分钟。这意味着平均确认时间为 10 分钟。
如今，由于竞争加剧和处理需求不断增加，BTC 挖矿变得极具挑战性。随着更多矿工的加入，该过程的复杂性（涉及解决具有挑战性的数学问题）会进行调整，以维持 10 分钟的区块周期。
如今，大多数人无法在家挖矿，因为这需要专门的 ASIC 设备。该过程还会消耗大量能源，而电力成本对盈利能力有很大影响。总而言之，挖掘 BTC 很困难，需要大量的硬件和电力支出。
尽管在以太坊主网上挖矿已不再可行，但在以太坊 (ETH) Classic 上仍然可行，因为它仍然采用工作量证明概念。ETH 的质押策略比 BTC 挖矿消耗的能源少得多，后者使用 ASIC 技术消耗大量电力。ETH 质押更容易获得，因为它只需要 32 ETH 或一个质押池，而 BTC 挖矿需要昂贵的设备。虽然 ETH 质押可以提供稳定的利润且运营风险较低，但 BTC 挖矿具有巨大的盈利潜力，但成本也相当高昂。
工作量证明区块链的挖矿难度会波动，主要驱动因素是参与矿工的数量。
然而，矿工以盈利为导向，期望区块奖励的收入能够抵消他们的资源支出。在价格高涨的时期，挖矿难度通常最高，因为参与的人越来越多，甚至那些使用旧设备的矿工也能再次获利。因此，哈希率也主要受代币价格的影响。
In a bullish market, a network’s mining difficulty will always rise as more miners connect, supplying a hash rate. In response, the network’s mining algorithm readjusts difficulty, raising it in response to increasing hash rate.
浏览量5
浏览量7
浏览量11
浏览量2
浏览量9
