比特币暴跌、股市下跌、关税飙升——这是全球抛售一切的开始吗?
一天之内加密货币清算金额就达到 14 亿美元,这是否才刚刚开始,还是接近触底?
目录关税扰乱全球市场加密货币为何下跌?情况还能变得更糟吗?比特币和加密货币的下一步是什么?
关税扰乱全球市场
截至 4 月 7 日,全球市场环境急剧下滑,而这都是由一项政策转变引发的。4 月 2 日,唐纳德·特朗普总统宣布了他所谓的“解放日”关税——激进的进口关税立即改变了股票和加密货币市场的基调。
特朗普的关税制度影响深远。来自加拿大和墨西哥的进口产品现在面临 25% 的关税,而中国产品则被征收 34% 的额外关税。在某些情况下,来自其他国家的产品面临的综合关税最高可达 54%。
对于中国进口产品而言,新旧关税的叠加效应意味着许多商品目前进入美国的实际税率超过54%。
疫情对美国股市的影响是迅速的。截至 4 月 4 日,市场在短短两天内市值蒸发近 5.5 万亿美元。仅标准普尔 500 指数在 4 月 3 日就下跌了 2.4 万亿美元,第二天又大幅下跌。
从百分比来看,道琼斯指数下跌超过 4,000 点,跌幅 9.48%,标准普尔 500 指数下跌 10%,纳斯达克指数暴跌 11%——所有这些都发生在 48 小时内。
特朗普的举动迅速遭到了回应。4月4日,中国宣布征收34%的报复性关税,使局势进一步升级,市场情绪进一步紧张。
由此产生的波动影响到了全球市场。截至 4 月 7 日,美国主要指数的总损失估计在 6-7 万亿美元之间,具体数字仍在更新中。
芝加哥期权交易所波动率指数 (VIX),即华尔街的“恐慌指数”,飙升至多年以来的最高水平,到 4 月 7 日达到 60。自新冠疫情最严重时期以来,以及在此之前的 2008 年金融危机期间,VIX 飙升至近 80,这一水平从未见过。
美国以外的全球市场也受到重创。中国上证综指下跌逾 7%,日本日经指数下跌近 8%。债券市场也表现出压力,美国国债收益率趋于平缓,两年期国债收益率上升,十年期国债收益率下降。
波动并不仅限于股票。加密货币市场也受到了冲击,CoinGlass 的数据显示,截至 4 月 7 日,过去 24 小时内清算金额达 14 亿美元——这是近几个月来单日清算总额最高的一次。
比特币 (BTC) 下跌近 8% 至 76,500 美元,一度触及 74,400 美元附近的低点。以太坊 (ETH) 下跌 17% 至 1,500 美元的水平,短暂跌至 1,415 美元。其他主要山寨币也紧随其后:瑞波币 (XRP) 下跌 16%,目前交易价格约为 1.76 美元,而 Solana (SOL) 跌至 101 美元左右。
贝莱德首席执行官拉里芬克在致股东的一封信中将当前的环境描述为“普遍的经济焦虑”,并补充说,这种不可预测的关税举措使得试图评估全球供应链的企业“不可能”进行财务规划。
那么,究竟是什么推动了这波抛售潮?专家们如何解读未来走势?情况实际上还能恶化到什么程度?让我们仔细看看。
加密货币为何下跌?
When tariffs rise, so do the costs of imported goods, which typically drives inflation higher, especially when those tariffs are widespread and apply to major trading partners.Â
Trumpâs announcement, targeting multiple regions, has reignited fears of a global trade war. For investors, this shift in the economic climate changes everything.
在经济不确定时期,风险较高的资产通常最先被抛售。这包括股票,也包括加密货币。尽管数字资产通常被视为独立于传统市场,但历史表明,在经济严重承压时期,数字资产的表现往往更像科技股,而非避风港。
这种模式在 2 月初就很明显,当时上一轮关税导致 22 亿美元的加密货币清算,将比特币价格推低至 92,000 美元。现在,这种模式正在重演,但规模更大。
利率前景也让形势变得更加复杂。在经济放缓的情况下,美联储通常会降息。然而,关税让这一策略变得更加复杂。
由于关税会导致通胀,因此限制了美联储的灵活性。如果通胀上升,央行可能被迫推迟预期的降息,甚至再次加息。
利率上升会降低流动性,这往往对投机市场伤害最大。加密货币是对流动性最敏感的资产类别之一,通常对这些变化反应强烈。
This is where institutional sentiment becomes critical. According to The Kobeissi Letter, a widely followed macro newsletter, the market has entered a phase where fear is beginning to dominate.
In a post on X, Kobeissi noted that the market had âlost its orderly nature,â with assets being sold across the board â including traditional safe havens like gold, which briefly dipped below $3,000 per ounce.Â
Another clear sign of capitulation?甚至连黄金等避险资产也遭遇大幅抛售。截至周五,由于关税不确定性,金价大幅上涨。如今,随着场外投资者的涌入,金价又回到了 3,000 美元/盎司以下。再次,更加恐慌。pic.twitter.com/cjQxbr003V— Kobeissi 的来信 (@KobeissiLetter) 2025 年 4 月 6 日
Such broad-based selling often signals that the market is entering a capitulation phase, where investors are no longer making strategic decisions but are instead focused on preserving capital.
Supporting this shift in sentiment, data from March reveals that institutional capital has been rotating out of U.S. equities at the fastest pace in years, tightening liquidity across asset classes.Â
And as capital exits equities, itâs not flowing into crypto. Instead, itâs moving toward short-term cash instruments and defensive plays.
How much worse can it get?
The selloff weâre witnessing may not be the worst of it. If current trends persist, and retaliations escalate as expected, the global economy could be heading toward one of its toughest periods in over a decade.
Letâs begin with trade. According to Oxford Economics, if all major U.S. trade partners respond with reciprocal tariffs, global trade volumes could shrink to levels not seen since the 2008 financial crisis, excluding the COVID-19 period.Â
This scenario is no longer hypothetical â China has already imposed a 34% retaliatory tariff, and further responses from the EU, Japan, and other major economies are widely expected.
The Tax Foundation estimates that Trumpâs full tariff plan could result in a $1.8 trillion tax increase on American consumers. This could reduce U.S. imports by $900 billion in 2025, tightening supply chains and driving up the cost of goods across multiple sectors.
Tariff rates are quickly approaching historic levels. If reciprocal policies continue, the U.S. average tariff rate could exceed 33%, nearing the Smoot-Hawley era of the 1930s â widely viewed as one of the factors that deepened the Great Depression. For context, the U.S. hasnât seen average tariff levels above 20% since 1946.
其结果将是对这些互惠关税征收互惠关税,并引发历史上最大的贸易战之一。随着今年宣布的关税,美国平均关税税率已升至约 8%,为 1970 年以来的最高水平。到 4 月底,我们预计 1946 年的高点将被突破。pic.twitter.com/5mBfXQKkaR— Kobeissi 的来信 (@KobeissiLetter) 2025 年 3 月 30 日
关键行业已经承受压力。据《卫报》报道,截至 4 月 4 日中午,苹果和耐克的市值合计蒸发 4700 亿美元。
Boeing shares dropped 10%, as disruptions ripple through aerospace supply chains, particularly with China and Vietnam, countries now facing tariffs of 52% and 46%, respectively.Â
Tech, retail, and manufacturing industries that rely on global sourcing are bearing the early weight of these policy changes.
The broader macro impact is beginning to take shape. JPMorgan has warned, in comments to CNN, of a potential U.S. and global recession in 2025 if these trade measures persist.Â
Investor Bill Ackman captured the marketâs concern in a recent post, warning that business confidence is eroding quickly. While he supports reforming global trade imbalances, Ackman cautions that a full-scale, multi-front tariff approach is damaging Americaâs reputation as a stable trade partner.
该国 100% 支持总统修复对该国不利的全球关税体系。但是,商业是一场信心游戏,信心取决于信任。总统@realDonaldTrump 已将关税问题提升为最重要的地缘政治问题……— Bill Ackman (@BillAckman) 2025 年 4 月 6 日
阿克曼写道,如果特朗普继续不暂停政策,其结果可能是企业投资冻结、消费者支出崩溃、大规模裁员,尤其是对那些无力承受成本突然上涨的中小企业而言。
如果全球经济放缓真的成为现实——贸易萎缩、通胀上升和货币政策收紧——资本将继续从风险资产中流出。加密货币很可能位居榜首。
Whatâs next for Bitcoin and crypto?Â
Thereâs little disagreement that weâre currently in a high-stress macro environment. According to crypto analysts, Bitcoin may face more short-term pain, but the long-term case for its role in a fragmented global economy is growing stronger.
Jamie Coutts, a chartered market technician and crypto strategist formerly at Bloomberg, highlights that Bitcoin is testing critical levels, specifically âthe top of last yearâs 7-month range,â as defined by on-chain metrics like exchange volumes and URPD (UTXO Realized Price Distribution).
当比特币测试去年 7 个月范围的顶部时,有一些想法——每个链上指标(如 URPD 和交易量)都划出了一条界线。在周末表现出色之后,它成为唯一让宏观投资者对贸易战升级表示消极情绪的资产。当……pic.twitter.com/Vig9xPQLv3— Jamie Coutts CMT (@Jamie1Coutts) 2025 年 4 月 6 日
库茨解释说,这一时刻的独特之处在于,比特币已成为唯一允许宏观投资者表达对不断升级的贸易战担忧的风险资产之一。
他说道:“当尘埃落定时,比特币将占据领先地位,因为世界将意识到它不仅仅是一种价值储存手段……它是一种专为贸易结算而构建的系统之外的资产。”
Coutts also cited a recent report from BlackRock, the worldâs largest asset manager, which emphasized Bitcoinâs position as a âscarce, global, decentralized, non-sovereign asset.âÂ
尽管贝莱德并未将其称为结算货币,但它承认比特币在面临地缘政治和宏观经济风险的投资组合中具有明显的对冲价值。
与此同时,知名加密货币交易员和分析师 Michaël van de Poppe 认为,恐慌驱动的价格走势尚未结束。
就这样。黑色星期一,#比特币回到低点。很难判断在恐慌时期我们会陷入多深的境地,但我们正在将流动性降至低位,我们将等待:â Trump delaying Tariffs (not happening)â FED announcing emergency meeting (max 1-2 weeks)-⦠pic.twitter.com/acAPJrS5xBâ Michaël van de Poppe (@CryptoMichNL) April 7, 2025
With Bitcoin down nearly 30% from its recent highs, he expects further testing of support levels, possibly as low as $70,000, especially if thereâs no delay in tariffs or if the Federal Reserve doesnât call for an emergency policy meeting.
However, van de Poppe also views these levels as potential long-term buying opportunities: âIn 12â24 months from now, youâll be happy that youâve bought in these areas,â he said.
Others are framing the current price drop as a setup for a broader shift in narrative. Geoffrey Kendrick, global head of digital assets research at Standard Chartered, notes that Bitcoin could evolve into a hedge against tariff-induced risks.
在与 The Block 分享的一份说明中,他将美国日益增长的孤立主义立场与对法定货币风险日益增长的担忧联系起来:“美国的孤立主义类似于持有法定货币的风险增加,这最终将使比特币受益,”肯德里克写道。
他认为 76,500 美元是关键支撑位,标志着美国大选后第二天的最高点,并强调比特币与微软和谷歌以外的主要科技股相比的相对强势。
总而言之,虽然短期波动可能会持续,特别是关税升级影响利率预期和资本流动,但比特币的长期论点正在获得关注。
然而,谨慎仍然是必要的。如果关税进一步增加或通胀加速,比特币可能会与更广泛的市场一起面临新的压力。市场仍然高度不稳定,因此明智地交易很重要,并且永远不要投资超过你能承受的损失。
2025-04-07 21:41:33
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